The Content Governance Dilemma by Edoardo Celeste & Nicola Palladino & Dennis Redeker & Kinfe Yilma

Author:Edoardo Celeste & Nicola Palladino & Dennis Redeker & Kinfe Yilma
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783031329241
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Fig. 4.2 Distribution over time of the analysed documents

With regard to the content of the document in our corpus, constitutional and governance principles have been hand-coded with the NVIVO software resorting to an inductive methodology (Bazeley and Jackson 2013; Kaefer et al. 2015). In the first stage, principles have been coded as closely as possible as they appeared in the text. At a later stage, synonymous items have been merged as well as principles aggregated in a hierarchical system of broader categories. It is worth noting that this exercise of coding and categorisation faces an unavoidable degree of overlapping and redundancy. On the one hand, indeed, several principles detected in the texts could frame the issue in slightly different ways, or on the contrary, the same principle is employed highlighting different features of the same concept, or again, some principles could cover part of the semantic area of a broader one. On the other hand, the categories created to aggregate more close-to-text coding reflect the authors’ interpretative framework and are settled to emphasise distinctions and aspects deemed to be relevant by researchers. Besides the limits of the qualitative approach, redundancy appears to be a characteristic feature of digital rights itself, since “these rights and principles are more often than not interconnected, interdependent, mutually reinforcing, and in some cases even in conflict with one another” (Gill et al. 2015).

Table 4.1 provides a synthetic overview of the over 90 principles we detected in the corpus, organised and summarised into broader categories. The first one collects all the provisions explicitly concerned with international human rights law compliance. The other two categories distinguish between substantive and procedural principles, drawing on the distinction between substantive and procedural law. In this context, ‘substantive principles’ refer to people’s expected behaviour according to accepted social norms as well as their basic human rights such as life and liberty. In this case, more specifically, substantive standards for content governance indicate people’s rights and responsibilities related to the creation and publication of online content. By contrast, ‘procedural principles’ indicate formal rules and procedures through which substantive rights are created, exercised and enforced. In this case, more specifically, procedural standards indicate the rules through which decisions about users’ contents are made, including the rulemaking process itself (Main 2010; Alexander 1998; Grey 1977).Table 4.1 Civil society initiatives

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